1 00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:03,000 How can a cube fly in the air? 2 00:00:04,000 --> 00:00:06,000 Uh, what's up going on here? 3 00:00:07,000 --> 00:00:12,000 See it flying through the air at this speed. It's like some kind of joke of physics. 4 00:00:13,000 --> 00:00:18,000 Shot from a plane window over Germany, shapeshifters haunting our skies. 5 00:00:18,000 --> 00:00:24,000 What flies alongside an airplane at 40,000 feet and can change shape like that? 6 00:00:25,000 --> 00:00:28,000 And, as a mysterious object appears over China, 7 00:00:29,000 --> 00:00:34,000 Has the secretive government released the truth through a best-selling book? 8 00:00:35,000 --> 00:00:40,000 The three-body problem tells a terrifying story of alien contact and an alien invasion of Earth. 9 00:00:41,000 --> 00:00:45,000 The question I have is, are the Chinese aware of something that we're not? 10 00:00:46,000 --> 00:00:55,000 UFOs, once the stuff of fantasy, now caught on camera, finally forcing governments to reveal what they know. 11 00:00:55,000 --> 00:00:58,000 UAPs aren't unexplained, but they are real. 12 00:01:01,000 --> 00:01:07,000 Many of these phenomena have been cited in training languages. We're very much concerned about safety of flight. 13 00:01:08,000 --> 00:01:14,000 So let's just speculate for one moment that these things, whatever they are, are here to do not very good things. 14 00:01:15,000 --> 00:01:21,000 Impossible engineering, terrifying encounters, sinister cover-ups. 15 00:01:21,000 --> 00:01:25,000 This is evidence of the unexplained. 16 00:01:40,000 --> 00:01:44,000 October 2021, Springfield, Missouri, USA. 17 00:01:45,000 --> 00:01:48,000 Uh, what's up going on here? 18 00:01:49,000 --> 00:01:53,000 A local man sees something inexplicable in the sky over his home city. 19 00:01:54,000 --> 00:02:02,000 Justin Johnson is driving to his home and he sees something in the sky, hovering over some stores. They just can't explain. 20 00:02:03,000 --> 00:02:06,000 He pulls over and starts filming on his camera phone. 21 00:02:07,000 --> 00:02:08,000 Check this out. 22 00:02:09,000 --> 00:02:18,000 Justin says that once he was at the closest that he possibly could be to this object in the sky, it resembled a metal cube. 23 00:02:19,000 --> 00:02:29,000 I'm on Glenstone in Springfield, Missouri. That is a cube spinning on an axis, flickering. It's got lights around it, in the middle of the day. 24 00:02:30,000 --> 00:02:36,000 Justin described it as rotating in multiple directions, so he says what it looked like to him from the ground. 25 00:02:36,000 --> 00:02:38,000 The thing's a cube with lights. 26 00:02:39,000 --> 00:02:49,000 He said that it flew in a V-shaped arc over the city for around three minutes. It paused over downtown and that was where he was able to capture video of it. 27 00:02:50,000 --> 00:02:51,000 Jumping back and forth again. 28 00:02:52,000 --> 00:03:01,000 Justin says that after seeing the object, he felt haunted because unlike a balloon, for example, it was traveling against the wind. 29 00:03:01,000 --> 00:03:10,000 Soon after his video was uploaded, other people from all over America came forward with similar accounts. 30 00:03:11,000 --> 00:03:20,000 One viewer commented that they'd seen a similar object in LA that same week. Someone in Texas reported seeing the same object twice. 31 00:03:21,000 --> 00:03:34,000 In Columbia in 2020, a pilot reported seeing an object which he said was cube-like, black with very pronounced edges. 32 00:03:35,000 --> 00:03:42,000 In each case, the cube shape is the key similarity and cubes like this have been popping up all around the world. 33 00:03:43,000 --> 00:03:59,000 A cube shape seems the most unlikely for a UFO. I mean, it's not very aerodynamic. And with this being a cube, it's unlikely that's a misrepresentation of a bird or an aircraft. 34 00:04:00,000 --> 00:04:09,000 Is it possible this bizarre flying cube could be man-made? NASA has developed a metal cuboid robot which floats in outer space. 35 00:04:10,000 --> 00:04:17,000 It's used on the International Space Station, but a cube can float in the gravity-free vacuum of space. 36 00:04:18,000 --> 00:04:22,000 In our atmosphere, a cube should simply fall to the ground. 37 00:04:23,000 --> 00:04:32,000 To see it flying through the air at this speed is like some kind of joke of physics. 38 00:04:33,000 --> 00:04:39,000 In flight, the flow of air that hits an object divides into two essentially. 39 00:04:40,000 --> 00:04:46,000 So flight happens because of the difference in air pressure from the top of the object to the bottom of the object. 40 00:04:47,000 --> 00:04:50,000 The difference arises because of the way air moves around the flying object. 41 00:04:50,000 --> 00:04:58,000 But like all forces, there is an equal and opposite force. And for a lift, that's drag. So the more a lift, the more drag. 42 00:04:59,000 --> 00:05:07,000 For a cube to be flying through the air implies a technology that hasn't been made public, if indeed it exists at all at this point. 43 00:05:08,000 --> 00:05:16,000 For it to be achieving those speeds, that kind of propulsion would suggest that it's operating under an anti-gravity pocket. 44 00:05:17,000 --> 00:05:19,000 And we don't have that kind of technology. 45 00:05:20,000 --> 00:05:26,000 Unnerved by what he'd seen, Johnson contacted the Federal Aviation Authority. 46 00:05:27,000 --> 00:05:33,000 But they told him that they'd had no other reports of anything untoward in Springfield on that day. 47 00:05:34,000 --> 00:05:40,000 Springfield, Missouri is home to a number of offices of different branches of the military, including the Marines. 48 00:05:41,000 --> 00:05:48,000 And there's also an office of the Department of Homeland Security. So I'm wondering if what we're seeing here might be some sort of new military-based technology. 49 00:05:48,000 --> 00:06:00,000 I don't think this is a test. The United States has huge areas of open desert in Arizona, Utah, New Mexico, where they can conduct these kind of experiments. 50 00:06:01,000 --> 00:06:04,000 And they're hardly likely to do it over a built-up area of Missouri. 51 00:06:05,000 --> 00:06:11,000 But there is one kind of secret experimental test flight that would make sense over a crowded city. 52 00:06:12,000 --> 00:06:20,000 With thousands of potential observers on the ground, an urban environment is the perfect place to see if an object can be made invisible. 53 00:06:22,000 --> 00:06:26,000 Is the cube a mask or a cloak for the real craft that is hidden inside? 54 00:06:28,000 --> 00:06:34,000 Invisibility cloaks sound like stuff from Harry Potter, but technology is bringing them closer to reality. 55 00:06:35,000 --> 00:06:50,000 Invisibility is not as impossible as one might think. In 2013, Bail Zhang, a professor at Singapore's Nanyang Technological University, presented a small cube just a few inches in height. 56 00:06:51,000 --> 00:07:00,000 Using two optical calcite crystals found in nature in the form of stalactites and stalagmites, the shape bends light and effectively disappears. 57 00:07:01,000 --> 00:07:13,000 Zhang says that he just made his cloaking cube for fun, but there are reports that the U.S. military is experimenting with similar methods for manipulating light to hide objects. 58 00:07:15,000 --> 00:07:22,000 The government may have been testing an invisibility cube over its own cities in Texas, Missouri and California. 59 00:07:23,000 --> 00:07:35,000 But this doesn't explain the sightings of similar objects all over the world in countries like Columbia, where the technology risks getting shot down and falling into the hands of cartels. 60 00:07:36,000 --> 00:07:52,000 Johnson estimates the cube in the sky was around 15 to 20 feet wide, the size of a car, but not of a manned aircraft. 61 00:07:53,000 --> 00:07:58,000 If these are indeed UFOs, they seem too small to be carrying occupants. 62 00:07:59,000 --> 00:08:10,000 If these objects are about 15 to 20 feet long, that would imply that they're unmanned, and that would give us a clue as to what they're really sent here for. 63 00:08:10,000 --> 00:08:15,000 A smaller size would enable a craft to potentially accelerate to near the speed of light. 64 00:08:15,000 --> 00:08:21,000 Now that would make interstellar travel not only possible, but accessible. 65 00:08:22,000 --> 00:08:33,000 When we think of alien spacecraft, we imagine enormous ships like the ominous mega-discs that hang over U.S. cities in the movie Independence Day. 66 00:08:35,000 --> 00:08:49,000 But Professor Stephen Hawking, before he died in 2018, proposed sending a tiny craft to explore Alpha Centurii, our nearest neighboring solar system, over four light years away from Earth. 67 00:08:51,000 --> 00:08:59,000 Advances in micro-circuitry mean a probe the size of a mobile phone could be the first spaceship sent to another star. 68 00:09:00,000 --> 00:09:06,000 Hawking proposed it'd be powered by a laser beam and would make the journey in just 20 years. 69 00:09:07,000 --> 00:09:18,000 Perhaps cubes this size could be micro-craft from another civilization, probes beaming back information to aliens on another star system. 70 00:09:19,000 --> 00:09:21,000 That's why we see so many of them. 71 00:09:21,000 --> 00:09:31,000 When nature propagates life, it doesn't just go for one big shot, it sends out millions of seeds, giving it a chance to replicate. 72 00:09:32,000 --> 00:09:41,000 If we apply that principle then to interstellar travel, could we be looking at some kind of nano spaceship with nano technology? 73 00:09:42,000 --> 00:09:56,000 Hungarian mathematician John von Neumann proposed we would be visited exactly this way, in his 1948 universal assemblers theory of self-replicating robots capable of interstellar travel. 74 00:09:57,000 --> 00:10:07,000 If they're that technologically advanced and they've been able to find us here on Earth, could this be the beginning of friendly contact or a hostile invasion? 75 00:10:12,000 --> 00:10:30,000 January 2019, Greensboro, North Carolina. A man films a mysterious cigar shaped object flying over his house. 76 00:10:31,000 --> 00:10:36,000 He estimates it's over 100 meters long, the size of a football field. 77 00:10:37,000 --> 00:10:49,000 New airships were reported over the area at the time, but then many cigar shaped objects seen by observers are written off as man-made dirigibles. 78 00:10:50,000 --> 00:11:04,000 The age of the flying saucer began in 1947, but before then, as man first took to the skies, there was a first age of UFOs, dominated by sightings of mystery cigar shaped objects. 79 00:11:06,000 --> 00:11:17,000 At the end of the 19th century and start of the 20th century, there was something of a wave of sightings of phantom airships across the world. 80 00:11:18,000 --> 00:11:26,000 There were numerous bizarre reports of enormous zeppelins taking to the skies of America and Europe. 81 00:11:27,000 --> 00:11:39,000 The stories of these sightings and the peculiar encounters that witnesses described having with the occupants of these airships are strangely reminiscent of UFO stories from today. 82 00:11:40,000 --> 00:11:52,000 The first official airship was launched in 1852 in France, but the craft reported over California in 1896 was unlike anything designed by humans. 83 00:11:52,000 --> 00:12:00,000 Hundreds of witnesses claim to have seen this object flying about a thousand feet above the ground. 84 00:12:01,000 --> 00:12:07,000 They said they saw a bright light and some of them said that they could hear voices coming from what appeared to be a gondola. 85 00:12:08,000 --> 00:12:13,000 They also said that it appeared to be being propelled by two men peddling. 86 00:12:14,000 --> 00:12:23,000 Colonel H. G. Shaw claims he was out in his horse and buggy when he encountered not only a landed craft, but also its occupants. 87 00:12:24,000 --> 00:12:34,000 What he says he saw were the occupants getting out and they were very slender, very tall and much more elongated than we mere ordinary human beings. 88 00:12:34,000 --> 00:12:43,000 And what he also claims is that they were Martians and that they had tried to force him onto the craft, but he resisted and they fled. 89 00:12:45,000 --> 00:12:51,000 Shaw's account is strikingly similar to stories being reported all over America's southern states. 90 00:12:52,000 --> 00:12:58,000 The airships became known as scareships and they were seen in Arkansas, Missouri, Texas. 91 00:12:58,000 --> 00:13:09,000 Usually at night there was a report that one of these airships had crashed leaving behind a pilot who was badly disfigured, but clearly not of this world. 92 00:13:10,000 --> 00:13:15,000 Anomalous aircraft, close encounters, crashes with humanoid bodies. 93 00:13:16,000 --> 00:13:20,000 All these bizarre details would become features of modern UFO stories. 94 00:13:21,000 --> 00:13:29,000 But in the 19th and early 20th century American people were convinced they were the work of the Elon Musk of his day. 95 00:13:31,000 --> 00:13:38,000 There were rumors that these mysterious airships were the invention of Thomas Edison, the American inventor and businessman. 96 00:13:40,000 --> 00:13:47,000 These cigar shaped objects appeared in the skies at a time when there was excitement about the benefits of air travel. 97 00:13:48,000 --> 00:13:59,000 I hope confidently to succeed in starting a regular airship line between the United States and Europe by next summer. 98 00:14:00,000 --> 00:14:08,000 Political commentators said it would improve relations between countries and economists thought it would bring down the cost of goods. 99 00:14:09,000 --> 00:14:18,000 Visionaries believed that travel would broaden the mind. As people from different countries and continents got to know each other, war would become a thing of the past. 100 00:14:23,000 --> 00:14:27,000 But the utopianism soon gave way to fear. 101 00:14:27,000 --> 00:14:43,000 As aviation became a reality, people started to become afraid and they started to envision a far less rosy future for mankind. 102 00:14:44,000 --> 00:14:59,000 And the fear was compounded in 1898 by the publication of H.G. Wells' best selling science fiction novel, War of the Worlds, which depicted an attack on Earth by Martian spaceships. 103 00:15:00,000 --> 00:15:11,000 After this mysterious enemy aircraft and airships were being spotted in the skies above the United States, United Kingdom, New Zealand. 104 00:15:12,000 --> 00:15:17,000 And this led to what came to be referred to as the Scare Ship Panic. 105 00:15:17,000 --> 00:15:32,000 As the great imperial powers re-armed ahead of the First World War, many people began to view these mysterious craft in the sky that were threatening them as obviously German. 106 00:15:33,000 --> 00:15:40,000 But these scare ships were bigger, they were faster and they were stronger than anything real engineers could produce at the time. 107 00:15:41,000 --> 00:15:47,000 People described seeing giant rudders and gas bags and propellers. 108 00:15:48,000 --> 00:15:54,000 Investigators concluded that many of the scare ship sightings were planets, stars or hoaxes. 109 00:15:55,000 --> 00:16:01,000 But a small number of them couldn't be explained, which led to theorists the craft could be visiting from elsewhere. 110 00:16:02,000 --> 00:16:11,000 Many of the reports don't just describe a cigar shaped object, they also put wings on these airships and many many lights, bright lights. 111 00:16:12,000 --> 00:16:15,000 There were also multiple witnesses to some of these incidents. 112 00:16:16,000 --> 00:16:19,000 What are we to make of these bizarre scare ships? 113 00:16:20,000 --> 00:16:29,000 In some ways they resemble modern cigar shaped UFOs, but in others they have almost quaint features that would have seemed futuristic to people at the time. 114 00:16:29,000 --> 00:16:32,000 But now seem ridiculously dated. 115 00:16:33,000 --> 00:16:42,000 One school of UFO investigators believe the scare ships are evidence that the phenomenon we call UFOs has been shape-shifting throughout history. 116 00:16:43,000 --> 00:16:56,000 As human technology has changed, what the Victorians saw, those ghost airships have disappeared to be replaced with ghost rockets and spaceships. 117 00:16:57,000 --> 00:17:04,000 And what the Victorians saw inside those craft have been replaced with modern futuristic aliens. 118 00:17:04,000 --> 00:17:16,000 Whether these are subjective or objective observations depends on whether the phenomena is real or just a form of social contagion reflecting culture at the time of the sightings. 119 00:17:17,000 --> 00:17:27,000 Skeptical investigators say that these changing descriptions of the objects in the sky are proof that the phenomenon exists primarily in the human mind. 120 00:17:28,000 --> 00:17:35,000 A product of mass hysteria that manifests in different ways to different generations. 121 00:17:36,000 --> 00:17:42,000 But another thing is that the phenomenon is real and is constantly playing with our perceptions. 122 00:17:43,000 --> 00:17:49,000 It's an idea put forward by the author John Keel in his book Operation Trojan Horse. 123 00:17:50,000 --> 00:18:04,000 He said the phenomenon is some kind of trickster of unknown intent that presents human witnesses with visions of strange and futuristic objects and creatures. 124 00:18:05,000 --> 00:18:15,000 Keel claimed to find a pattern of similar trickster events going right back through history, including religious visions and weird events described in the Bible. 125 00:18:16,000 --> 00:18:20,000 And of course a lot of religions are based on that. I'm getting... 126 00:18:22,000 --> 00:18:27,000 It always seems like we're right on the edge of extinction and we keep going. 127 00:18:28,000 --> 00:18:34,000 All the things that are happening in the Middle East down, reasonably outlined in the Bible. 128 00:18:35,000 --> 00:18:42,000 And people who read the Bible carefully get scared to death. These things are coming to pass. 129 00:18:46,000 --> 00:18:59,000 Why a non-human intelligence would fill the skies of the Victorian era with bizarre airships and the modern heavens with metallic spaceships is a mystery that perhaps will soon be able to answer. 130 00:19:01,000 --> 00:19:09,000 Real or imagined, the Victorians and Edwardians were fascinated by ghostly objects in the sky. 131 00:19:09,000 --> 00:19:22,000 And it shows us that our modern interest in UFOs is nothing new. We today and our ancestors are both terrified by what might strike us from the skies. 132 00:19:22,000 --> 00:19:37,000 July 2021, a German plane passenger looks out of his window and sees this. 133 00:19:37,000 --> 00:19:51,000 This isn't what you'd think of as a normal UFO. Looks like some type of angelic apparition. 134 00:19:52,000 --> 00:19:57,000 It's really quite beautiful. It's almost enough to make you believe in angels. 135 00:19:58,000 --> 00:20:04,000 What flies alongside an airplane at 40,000 feet and can change shape like that? What is this thing? 136 00:20:08,000 --> 00:20:16,000 I thought initially it could be some type of refraction from the camera lens, but the camera isn't pointed anywhere near towards the sun. 137 00:20:17,000 --> 00:20:23,000 Has he captured a weird cloud or some fascinating trick of the light? 138 00:20:23,000 --> 00:20:36,000 This thin and wispy entity could be mistaken for a cirrus cloud formed of icy crystals at heights of over 19,000 feet. 139 00:20:37,000 --> 00:20:43,000 But its strange behavior certainly isn't consistent with the movement of a cirrus cloud. 140 00:20:44,000 --> 00:20:54,000 It shifts and moves faster than any normal cloud. But clouds don't follow aircraft anyway. 141 00:20:55,000 --> 00:21:00,000 We're not talking about something tangible here like a solid object. It appears to be gaseous. 142 00:21:01,000 --> 00:21:10,000 The entity appears to travel alongside the airplane for seven minutes, shifting and morphing all the while until it settles on a final form. 143 00:21:10,000 --> 00:21:14,000 And that appears to be some kind of angelic humanoid. 144 00:21:18,000 --> 00:21:23,000 Supernatural religious imagery appearing in the skies has been reported throughout history. 145 00:21:24,000 --> 00:21:28,000 The Bible is filled with visions of angels appearing in the heavens. 146 00:21:28,000 --> 00:21:36,000 The most famous was the birth of Christ when angelic beings are said to have appeared to shepherds on a hillside near Bethlehem. 147 00:21:37,000 --> 00:21:43,000 And in the two millennia since, these religious visions have been reported again and again. 148 00:21:43,000 --> 00:21:46,000 One of the most famous was in 1917. 149 00:21:47,000 --> 00:21:53,000 In Fatima, Portugal, three peasant children kept seeing visions of the Virgin Mary. 150 00:21:53,000 --> 00:21:55,000 It became a regular event that year. 151 00:21:55,000 --> 00:22:03,000 It's said that the incident was witnessed by tens of thousands of people who gathered in the pouring rain to watch the clouds separating 152 00:22:03,000 --> 00:22:13,000 and the sun appearing as a white disk in the sky and a giant fireball began to dance across the horizon in brilliant variety of colors. 153 00:22:13,000 --> 00:22:17,000 Some even said that the phenomenon dried out their clothes. 154 00:22:17,000 --> 00:22:24,000 No authenticated photographs captured this event, despite the huge crowd that had come to see it. 155 00:22:24,000 --> 00:22:26,000 Scientists are suspicious. 156 00:22:26,000 --> 00:22:37,000 Some modern meteorologists have said that this was actually a weather event known as a sun dog, where light is refracted through particles in the upper atmosphere. 157 00:22:37,000 --> 00:22:42,000 These are not events that can be easily predicted mathematically, like a solar eclipse. 158 00:22:43,000 --> 00:22:50,000 But weirdly, some of these visions have been reported in places where there is no weather or atmospheric events. 159 00:22:50,000 --> 00:23:02,000 In 1984, a group of three cosmonauts onboard the Salyut 7 space station, 230 miles above the Earth, all say they witnessed an impossible sight. 160 00:23:02,000 --> 00:23:07,000 The space station is bathed in this amazing orange light. 161 00:23:07,000 --> 00:23:15,000 The men look for the source of the light and looking out the space station window, they notice a strange gaseous formation. 162 00:23:15,000 --> 00:23:29,000 This gaseous formation morphs and involves as they're watching it, until just like in the German man's video, it transforms itself into a kind of angelic shape. 163 00:23:29,000 --> 00:23:36,000 They saw not one, but seven angelic figures, and these shapes were colossal. 164 00:23:36,000 --> 00:23:43,000 Each of these angels was claimed by the cosmonauts to be the size of an airliner. 165 00:23:43,000 --> 00:23:53,000 The three men had spent 155 days in low Earth orbit. Their bodies and minds were subjected to incredible stresses and pressures. 166 00:23:53,000 --> 00:24:00,000 In such conditions, even the toughest people can suffer mental and physical disintegration. 167 00:24:00,000 --> 00:24:07,000 It does make you wonder whether as their fellow crew felts, they were experiencing some kind of hallucination. 168 00:24:07,000 --> 00:24:11,000 This can happen to people who are in isolation. 169 00:24:11,000 --> 00:24:20,000 The cosmonauts were tempted to put it down to some form of space madness, but when the relief crew arrives at the space station, they report seeing the angelic figures as well. 170 00:24:20,000 --> 00:24:25,000 Two separate sightings by multiple witnesses. What's going on here? 171 00:24:26,000 --> 00:24:35,000 The angelic figure filmed from the plane window is the first time such a figure has been captured convincingly on camera. 172 00:24:35,000 --> 00:24:43,000 Its odd, morphing appearance reminds some of one of the universe's most mysterious substances. 173 00:24:43,000 --> 00:24:53,000 The strange shape might point to an even more bizarre phenomena, something totally different, a plasma creature visiting Earth. 174 00:24:53,000 --> 00:25:09,000 Plasma is often called the fourth state of matter, not a gas, solid or liquid, but a soup of electrons, positive ions and neutral particles, and it makes up up to 99% of all visible matter in the universe. 175 00:25:09,000 --> 00:25:17,000 Many physicists believe it's the very first state of matter since it was the state to form most immediately after the Big Bang. 176 00:25:18,000 --> 00:25:30,000 And scientist Vadim Tisdovich believes that as we hunt for life in the cosmos, this substance is where we should be looking. 177 00:25:30,000 --> 00:25:36,000 In 2007, Tisdovich even proposed that some plasma could in fact be alive. 178 00:25:37,000 --> 00:25:47,000 This plasma form of life would be very, very different from the carbon-based form of life, which is what we're very familiar with. 179 00:25:47,000 --> 00:25:53,000 And it would display properties and have capabilities that would be nothing like anything we've seen before. 180 00:25:53,000 --> 00:26:03,000 A plasma being could potentially change form indefinitely, appear and disappear at will, and survive in the vacuum of space. 181 00:26:04,000 --> 00:26:08,000 It's not only out there where plasma life could exist. 182 00:26:08,000 --> 00:26:17,000 Crucially, it could exist here on Earth, alongside us, working with us, but undetectable to the senses that we have. 183 00:26:18,000 --> 00:26:26,000 History is littered with stories of strange visions, ghosts and even solid objects that seem to defy the laws of physics. 184 00:26:27,000 --> 00:26:42,000 Could this alternate form of life that exists alongside us be manipulating light and matter in a way that produces these strange shapes and objects that move and behave in ways that we don't have the technology to reproduce? 185 00:26:42,000 --> 00:26:49,000 Could it warp the reality around us such that our perception is that we see aliens and spacecraft? 186 00:26:49,000 --> 00:27:00,000 And if that's the case, could living plasma have been doing this for millennia, creating the perception of things that have haunted us? 187 00:27:01,000 --> 00:27:06,000 Computer scientist and UFO investigator Jacques Vallée believes so. 188 00:27:07,000 --> 00:27:19,000 He hypothesizes in his 1975 book The Invisible College that plasma entities may have played a role in influencing the human race for generations. 189 00:27:21,000 --> 00:27:27,000 But why would living plasma do this? To what end? What would be the purpose? 190 00:27:27,000 --> 00:27:37,000 And is it benevolent or malevolent? If we had to wage a war against a plasma-based enemy, how would we ever do it? 191 00:27:37,000 --> 00:28:02,000 What powers UFOs? They seem to fly at incredible speeds without any visible source of propulsion or aerodynamism. 192 00:28:03,000 --> 00:28:14,000 A professor at Stanford University has come across a mysterious lump of metal that might be the key to unlocking alien engineering. 193 00:28:14,000 --> 00:28:21,000 Dr. Gary Nolan is a well-respected microbiologist and geneticist with a deep interest in UAPs. 194 00:28:21,000 --> 00:28:30,000 Nolan is friends with Dr. Jacques Vallée, a computer scientist, physicist and UFO researcher who spends his time investigating reported UAP crashes. 195 00:28:30,000 --> 00:28:37,000 In 2017, one particular object in Dr. Vallée's collection catches Gary's eye. 196 00:28:37,000 --> 00:28:45,000 It's a fragment of pure magnesium, which came from the Museo del Ovni, a UFO museum in Argentina. 197 00:28:46,000 --> 00:28:55,000 Magnesium is a common metal on Earth, making up 13% of the mass of the planet. But this chunk, given to Gary Nolan, is special. 198 00:28:56,000 --> 00:29:04,000 This is truly extraordinary. Material evidence recovered from UAP incidents is incredibly rare. 199 00:29:05,000 --> 00:29:11,000 Nolan analyses the isotope ratios of the fragment and makes a remarkable discovery. 200 00:29:12,000 --> 00:29:19,000 The magnesium's composition is unlike any known metal. The isotope ratios in the sample do not appear to exist anywhere on Earth. 201 00:29:20,000 --> 00:29:28,000 And to the best of man's knowledge, such isotope ratios don't occur naturally anywhere else in the universe either. 202 00:29:31,000 --> 00:29:39,000 A change in the isotope ratio of material suggests that it was manufactured by a very sophisticated being. 203 00:29:40,000 --> 00:29:43,000 Could something otherworldly have created it? 204 00:29:43,000 --> 00:29:50,000 Magnesium is a remarkable metal for space travel. It's immensely light, strong and can also withstand deep space radiation. 205 00:29:51,000 --> 00:29:54,000 So it would make sense for an alien craft to be constructed using it. 206 00:29:55,000 --> 00:30:01,000 The museum says the object came from a sailor, but often no further clues as to where it came from. 207 00:30:02,000 --> 00:30:12,000 But its shape and remarkable composition immediately reminds ufologists of an incident said to have occurred at the coastal town of Ubertuba in Brazil. 208 00:30:13,000 --> 00:30:22,000 In 1957, Ibrahim Sood, a Brazilian journalist, receives an anonymous letter which recounts a peculiar incident. 209 00:30:23,000 --> 00:30:32,000 The author of the letter describes being out fishing with friends when out of nowhere, a large flying disk comes hurtling towards them. 210 00:30:33,000 --> 00:30:41,000 Then it explodes disintegrating into thousands of bright fragments and he encloses one in the envelope for Suet. 211 00:30:41,000 --> 00:30:52,000 The writer claims to be a fan of Suet's society column. The letter is written in very good Portuguese and this is clearly a well educated person. 212 00:30:53,000 --> 00:31:00,000 This event is widely believed to be the origins of the Magnesium. So what could this flying disk have been? 213 00:31:01,000 --> 00:31:23,000 Coral Laronzen, founder of the aerial phenomenon research organization APRO in Arizona, claimed that Dr. Oliver Fontes, who was investigating the case, was visited in 1958 by two members of a Brazilian intelligence agency. 214 00:31:23,000 --> 00:31:33,000 They threatened Fontes, they warned him that he was inquiring to matters that did not concern him and they tried to coerce him into handing over all of his materials related to the metals. 215 00:31:33,000 --> 00:31:38,000 Is this evidence that the ubertuba magnesium is part of a government cover-up? 216 00:31:39,000 --> 00:31:51,000 In the original letter, the writer alludes to what could have been a military cover-up. He writes, unless the finding was made by military authorities and the whole thing kept as a top secret subject. 217 00:31:54,000 --> 00:32:04,000 The bizarre object could be linked to a vicious arms race that was raging between Brazil and its neighbour Argentina for regional supremacy at the height of the Cold War. 218 00:32:06,000 --> 00:32:11,000 The two Latin American giants were ruled by authoritarian military dictatorships. 219 00:32:12,000 --> 00:32:28,000 Argentina was determined to have its own nuclear weapons and hired former Nazi scientists to help create atomic devices. Brazil had to respond or face a powerful deadly neighbour against whom they would have no defence. 220 00:32:29,000 --> 00:32:36,000 Four years before the ubertuba event, Brazil's interest in nuclear technology became evident. 221 00:32:36,000 --> 00:32:47,000 Admiral Alvaro Averto, the National Research Council director, went to West Germany to purchase ultracecentrifuges, which were used to enrich uranium isotopes for nuclear weapons. 222 00:32:48,000 --> 00:32:56,000 But neither country truly had the money or the technology to enter the nuclear arms race, like the USSR or USA. 223 00:32:59,000 --> 00:33:06,000 Even if there was some military cover-up operation, it wouldn't explain the engineered isotopes in the magnesium. 224 00:33:07,000 --> 00:33:15,000 The composition of the magnesium is so unique, it's unlikely it could have been made as a by-product of South American experimentation. 225 00:33:16,000 --> 00:33:23,000 And this weird magnesium has been discovered elsewhere following an explosive close encounter with a UFO. 226 00:33:23,000 --> 00:33:33,000 11.26pm in Maui, Ohio, a collision takes place involving a car that's been driven by two Navy veterans. 227 00:33:33,000 --> 00:33:40,000 They witness an intense light in the middle of the pavement that causes them to swerve and crash. 228 00:33:41,000 --> 00:33:52,000 Sometime later, the driver reported finding some fibrous metal on the car which was then analysed and found to be 92% magnesium. 229 00:33:53,000 --> 00:34:05,000 According to Canadian researcher Wilbert Smith, in 1952 a Navy pilot was pursuing a flying disk when he saw a glimmering object detach from the disk and fall to the ground. 230 00:34:06,000 --> 00:34:10,000 A sample was recovered and it was reportedly comprised of magnesium. 231 00:34:11,000 --> 00:34:17,000 The discharged magnesium could be a clue as to how these objects fly. 232 00:34:19,000 --> 00:34:27,000 Some UFO researchers propose that liquid metal could be waste material from a craft's highly advanced propulsion system. 233 00:34:27,000 --> 00:34:39,000 Dr. Jacques Valle hypothesises an advanced technology for a nuclear design for a craft's power plant which uses a liquid metal as its working fluid. 234 00:34:42,000 --> 00:34:49,000 This is a nuclear process known as beta decay which power is created in the form of free electrons. 235 00:34:49,000 --> 00:34:57,000 In these types of craft, depleted fluid may occasionally need to be ejected in the form of magnesium. 236 00:34:58,000 --> 00:35:14,000 It's certainly possible that somebody could have been testing a metal-cooled reactor-driven flying craft, but back in 1957, I mean this is only 20 years after the first jet engine aircraft. 237 00:35:14,000 --> 00:35:16,000 I mean does that really seem feasible? 238 00:35:16,000 --> 00:35:24,000 So could it be that liquid metal is powering the alien craft or cooling it or maybe both? 239 00:35:25,000 --> 00:35:31,000 Liquid metal is better than water because it removes heat more rapidly and allows for a higher power density. 240 00:35:32,000 --> 00:35:36,000 Liquid metal coolants are already in use on nuclear submarines. 241 00:35:37,000 --> 00:35:42,000 A massively advanced version of this could be powering these objects that we see in the sky. 242 00:35:43,000 --> 00:35:56,000 If this is a true fragment of a UFO's propulsion system, we may be looking at the most significant piece of evidence yet in our hunt for the truth about these elusive objects. 243 00:35:57,000 --> 00:36:03,000 Is this the first piece of physical evidence for a technologically superior extraterrestrial civilization? 244 00:36:03,000 --> 00:36:12,000 If Nolan's discovery is real, well this would be the biggest clue, the best clue that we have in the hunt for the truth about UFO's. 245 00:36:13,000 --> 00:36:20,000 A real piece of an alien craft that we can prove came from another solar system or maybe even another reality. 246 00:36:20,000 --> 00:36:36,000 China is a bit of an enigma. On one hand you have these incredible historical contributions even up to today. 247 00:36:37,000 --> 00:36:49,000 On the other hand they at times censor their own people to the point where normal accepted information that is readily available to the masses of the world for some reason are kept out of the hands of the Chinese. 248 00:36:50,000 --> 00:37:04,000 Everyone in the West asks what does China know about UFO's and do their citizens see UFO's as often as people in the West and what is China doing to investigate? 249 00:37:05,000 --> 00:37:20,000 November the 29th, 2021, Henan, China. A man films an object descending to Earth, flooding the night sky with bright blue light. 250 00:37:21,000 --> 00:37:25,000 Some residents say they were woken up by the loud explosion. 251 00:37:26,000 --> 00:37:30,000 The traffic stopping site was captured on multiple cameras in the region. 252 00:37:35,000 --> 00:37:37,000 Some say it's nothing more than a meteor. 253 00:37:40,000 --> 00:37:44,000 The problem is we don't know what it is because of China's secrecy. 254 00:37:47,000 --> 00:38:03,000 But there's evidence that videos like this one might just be the tip of the iceberg because the Chinese military, the People's Liberation Army, made an announcement in 2021 that the huge number of sightings in China meant it was taking unprecedented action. 255 00:38:05,000 --> 00:38:17,000 There have been so many that they've responded with an artificial intelligence program designed to track what they call rapidly increasing accounts of unidentified air conditions. 256 00:38:18,000 --> 00:38:32,000 This presents quite an issue for us in the West because whenever UAPs are seen, for example, in the United States, the blame has often fallen at the feet of hypothetical new technology which might well be Chinese. 257 00:38:32,000 --> 00:38:35,000 So for example, a super capable drone. 258 00:38:37,000 --> 00:38:49,000 So if UFOs are Chinese drones, the country's announcement of a computer program to track them could be a piece of subterfuge, an attempt to confuse the West and so disinformation. 259 00:38:50,000 --> 00:39:01,000 But China watches say there's another clue about what the superpower knows about UFOs and it takes the form of a science fiction novel. 260 00:39:03,000 --> 00:39:09,000 The three-body problem tells a terrifying story of alien contact and an alien invasion of Earth. 261 00:39:10,000 --> 00:39:22,000 The book is a well-written and exciting adventure story by Leo Sashin, a computer engineer whose parents were forced to work in mines during the terror of China's cultural revolution. 262 00:39:23,000 --> 00:39:32,000 In China, nothing cultural happens by accident. All books, films and music are heavily vetted by the ruling party for anything that could be problematic for the regime. 263 00:39:33,000 --> 00:39:38,000 The best seller list, like everything in China, is controlled by the ruling Communist Party. 264 00:39:38,000 --> 00:39:41,000 So if it's on the best seller list, they want you to read it. 265 00:39:41,000 --> 00:39:51,000 And this book is a best seller. In China, it's sold over 8 million copies and spawned two further novels in the three-body problem trilogy. 266 00:39:52,000 --> 00:40:00,000 It starts with a scientist who's part of a team who's looking for evidence of extraterrestrial life beyond our solar system. 267 00:40:00,000 --> 00:40:08,000 They receive the message, it's a warning. Do not respond to this message as any response will give away human's existence on Earth. 268 00:40:09,000 --> 00:40:15,000 And be the catalyst for an invasion by this technologically advanced alien force on this far off world. 269 00:40:17,000 --> 00:40:26,000 The aliens in the book have a problem. Their planet orbits not one, but three stars, causing wild and deadly fluctuations in the climate. 270 00:40:31,000 --> 00:40:38,000 They look on enviously at Earth as a much more stable planet that they can explore, invade and colonize. 271 00:40:41,000 --> 00:40:44,000 At its heart is a horrific idea, the dark forest theory. 272 00:40:45,000 --> 00:40:53,000 If you are in a dark forest and you're afraid, you try to be quiet. But that doesn't mean that you're alone. 273 00:40:54,000 --> 00:40:59,000 In a dark forest, there might be any number of animals that we simply can't see. 274 00:40:59,000 --> 00:41:06,000 Whether they're working aggressively or defensively, they might keep quiet and stay hidden as they assess any threat. 275 00:41:09,000 --> 00:41:16,000 If dark forest theory is applied to our galaxy, it's rational for any intelligent species to keep quiet about their existence. 276 00:41:17,000 --> 00:41:25,000 As the inhabitants of Earth are urged to do in the book, as if a superior civilization detects your presence, they will be likely to attack. 277 00:41:26,000 --> 00:41:31,000 The theory is an attempt to explain one of the weirdest mysteries of the universe. 278 00:41:32,000 --> 00:41:42,000 The apparent disconnect between the complete silence we hear from the cosmos and the mathematical certainty that intelligent life must be out there. 279 00:41:43,000 --> 00:41:53,000 The Drake equation is a formula created in 1961 that seeks to quantify how many intelligent civilizations there might be within the Milky Way galaxy. 280 00:41:53,000 --> 00:42:03,000 With this equation and modern research, current thinking suggests that there could be 300 million habitable planets in the Milky Way galaxy itself. 281 00:42:04,000 --> 00:42:11,000 By astrophysicist Frank Drake's calculations, there are more than 30 technological civilizations in our galaxy. 282 00:42:12,000 --> 00:42:26,000 There are just so many stars and so many frequency channels that we must make a very comprehensive search with very sophisticated equipment that allows us to search the whole radio spectrum in a very short time. 283 00:42:27,000 --> 00:42:34,000 If the universe is so big and has been around for so long, it's statistically inevitable that aliens will come to Earth. 284 00:42:34,000 --> 00:42:39,000 So they can't exist unless we're in a dark forest. 285 00:42:40,000 --> 00:42:48,000 The first intentional radio signal sent into space from Earth was the Aracibo signal in 1974. 286 00:42:49,000 --> 00:42:58,000 Which aimed at globular star cluster M13. 287 00:42:59,000 --> 00:43:13,000 But our signature as a civilization would have been visible to advanced aliens from as early as the 19th century, when factory smoke started to pollute our atmosphere, creating a detectable chemical trace of our presence. 288 00:43:14,000 --> 00:43:20,000 Probes might have been sent to check us out, but not attempt any kind of interaction. 289 00:43:20,000 --> 00:43:24,000 Why would they make contact if they did, we might kill them. 290 00:43:24,000 --> 00:43:29,000 And equally we might kill them because we're afraid they might be dangerous to us. 291 00:43:29,000 --> 00:43:35,000 In a dark forest any noise could be perceived of as a threat, a danger. 292 00:43:35,000 --> 00:43:38,000 So any contact should be reacted to defensively. 293 00:43:38,000 --> 00:43:41,000 Attack is the best form of defense. 294 00:43:41,000 --> 00:43:46,000 It's kill or be killed, unless you stay quiet. 295 00:43:48,000 --> 00:43:55,000 In the best selling book, the aliens have already sent UFO like probes ahead of an invasion fleet. 296 00:43:56,000 --> 00:44:02,000 Perhaps they look more like the object captured on film in November 2021. 297 00:44:02,000 --> 00:44:07,000 The question I have is are the Chinese aware of something that we're not? 298 00:44:07,000 --> 00:44:11,000 Or are they socializing this idea of UFOs? 299 00:44:12,000 --> 00:44:15,000 Hey look, here's a book you should read. 300 00:44:15,000 --> 00:44:19,000 We're not telling you it's real, we're not telling you it's not real, just read it. 301 00:44:19,000 --> 00:44:22,000 It gets people reading and then asking questions and talking about it. 302 00:44:22,000 --> 00:44:32,000 So this could also be potentially really clever way by the Chinese government to socialize its citizens, its population, its people 303 00:44:32,000 --> 00:44:37,000 to an eventual disclosure that may be imminent in the near future.